Two years after South Sudan’s independence, the scale and seriousness of the country’s internal displace- ment situation is often under-reported. The recent violence in Jonglei state has brought the issue to the fore, at least as far as that particular state is concerned, but it has also highlighted the many challenges involved in responding to complex and often entrenched displacement dynamics. The UN estimates that around 11,000 people were internally displaced in Jonglei by violence during the first five months of 2013. In June, however, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), which operates in the state, suggested that as many as 120,000 had fled wide-ranging human rights abuses committed by all parties to the conflict, in- cluding the South Sudanese army. It also warned that the true figure could be much higher. Recognising that figures based on the number of ‘assisted and verified’ displaced fail to indicate the full scale, the UN has recently sought to estimate conflict-induced displacement in Jonglei based on resident population figures compared to current population levels in key towns.